Measurement of dielectric properties of prepared stable nanofluids using coated TiO2  nanoparticle-based palm kernel oil

Authors

  • Muhammad Ya'u Muhammad
    Electrical Engineering Department, Jigawa State Polytechnic for Information and Communication Technology, Kazaure, Jigawa State, Nigeria
  • Abdelghaffar Amoka Abdelmalik
    Department of Physics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
  • Yusuf Musa Abubakar
    Department of Physics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
  • Abubakar Ibrahim Balarabe
    Department of Physics, Jigawa State College of Education, Gumel, Jigawa State, Nigeria

Keywords:

Insulating fluids, Dielectric properties, TiO2 nanoparticles, Nanofluid stability

Abstract

Demand for environmentally friendly, high-performance insulating fluids has increased interest in bio-based nanofluids with improved dielectric behaviour. This study measures and analyses stable nanofluids prepared by dispersing oleic-acid-coated titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles in methyl ester obtained from palm kernel oil. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to characterise the coated nanoparticles, and nanofluids were prepared at controlled concentrations using mixing and stabilisation procedures. The samples were assessed for viscosity, pour point, flash point, relative permittivity, loss factor, leakage current, and direct-current (DC) and alternating-current (AC) breakdown strength. Dielectric measurements were carried out over 20--200 kHz using a Rohde & Schwarz HM8118 programmable inductive-capacitive-reactance bridge. The results show that oleic-acid coating improved nanoparticle dispersion stability, while increasing nanoparticle concentration enhanced dielectric performance. Among the tested samples, ECNF0.6 gave the best insulating response. The findings indicate that TiO2-based palm kernel oil nanofluids are promising sustainable insulating materials for oil-filled electrical power equipment.

Dimensions

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Published

2026-06-01

How to Cite

Measurement of dielectric properties of prepared stable nanofluids using coated TiO2  nanoparticle-based palm kernel oil. (2026). Proceedings of the Nigerian Society of Physical Sciences, 3, 321. https://doi.org/10.61298/pnspsc.2026.3.321

Issue

Volume 3, NSPS-ABU Conference, Feb. 9 - 14, 2026

Section

Articles
Copyright & Licensing

Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Ya'u Muhammad, Abdelghaffar Amoka Abdelmalik, Yusuf Musa Abubakar, Abubakar Ibrahim Balarabe (Author)

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Measurement of dielectric properties of prepared stable nanofluids using coated TiO2  nanoparticle-based palm kernel oil. (2026). Proceedings of the Nigerian Society of Physical Sciences, 3, 321. https://doi.org/10.61298/pnspsc.2026.3.321